Metaverse vs Multiverse: What Is the Difference?
The metaverse is a flexible concept for the future of virtual worlds and the internet, popularized by Facebook's October 2021 rename to Meta, while the multiverse is a scientific idea of many…
5 min read

In brief
AI summaryIn February 2022, the metaverse was described as a flexible concept of the internet's future with VR and AR headsets, wearables and avatars; Facebook renamed itself Meta in October 2021.
The term metaverse appears to have been coined by Neal Stephenson in the 1992 novel Snow Crash, and the article names Fortnite, World of Warcraft and Pokémon Go as earlier virtual or AR experiences.
The multiverse theory, or bubble universes, goes back before the Big Bang; the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics dates from the late 1950s but cannot be tested.
Contents3 sections
Are you ready for the Metaverse? Or should it be this multiverse instead? Since both are described as “parallel worlds”, you are naturally confused about the two concepts. Do not be. Despite all the parallel world talk, they are very different from each other, but they have one thing in common. Both the metaverse and the multiverse are quite conceptual and hard to pin down. So that you never confuse them again, here is everything you need to know about both the metaverse and the multiverse:

The Metaverse Explained: Virtual Worlds and the Internet of the Future
What is the Metaverse? Welcome to the new online virtual world of the future, which from where we are now looks to many people like a kind of parallel universe. The Metaverse has been one of the biggest buzzwords of the last few months because Facebook announced in October 2021 that it was changing its name to Meta. Is the metaverse a Facebook product? No. It is a flexible concept of what the future of the internet looks like, and countless companies will be involved. Of course, Meta wants to be part of it - hence changing its name - but it is by no means certain it will have a defining role. In fact, some people criticize Facebook's involvement so much that it probably could not. Some people assume this is a play by Facebook to win back the attention of Millennials and Gen Z. Some companies like Fortnite, World of Warcraft and even Pokémon Go have already succeeded in some aspects of creating virtual or AR-focused worlds and experiences. The term appears to have been coined by science fiction author Neal Stephenson in the 1992 novel Snow Crash, in which the protagonist travels through a 3D virtual cityscape. However, fast forward 30 years and the modern metaverse will probably include, and build on, elements of some fairly new consumer technology innovations:
- Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) headsets
- Wearable technology
- Social media and social interaction
- Internet-wide avatars
- Immersive experiences
- Workplace collaboration and virtual conference halls
How - and if - these innovations will fit together is anyone's guess. Given that combining them in an online virtual world is mostly software-based, one of the biggest uncertainties is actually hardware. People hated Google Glass in 2013; now, while VR headset sales are small, a breakthrough product is needed. Facebook's Ray-Ban Stories smart glasses, launched last fall with zero fanfare, are probably not it, but they could be if an AR dimension is added in the future. The metaverse may have to wait so that it can harness the ever-increasing power of microchips to create the kind of seamless, super-fast headsets everyone would want to wear. No one knows what the metaverse really means, other than that it is the next step in everything digital. What comes next to the metaverse - and whether it even becomes something recognizable - is anyone's guess.
The Multiverse Explained: Parallel Worlds and 'Bubble Universes'
What is the multiverse? Any metaverse concept about a parallel avatar world and a virtual Universe seems instantly trivial when you think about multiverse concepts. What happened before the Big Bang? The multiverse theory, also known as "bubble universes", goes back long before the Big Bang and assumes the cosmos inflated, with our Universe being just one of the results. According to the theory, a lot of big bangs also produced many other completely independent universes. It is not testable, but our theories of the early Universe are a bit blurry - we expect a theory bigger than the Big Bang to explain everything properly. "Bubble universes" could theoretically be part of this explanation. Also, quantum mechanics, which describes nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles, says there must be something beyond our universe. Since the late 1950s, the "many-worlds" interpretation (MWI) of quantum mechanics has seen time as the branches of a tree on which all quantum possibilities are played out in an infinite number of multiple and parallel universes. Since there is no communication between them, the theory cannot be tested. So it can be said to be an unscientific theory. In 2019, there was a science story in which scientists in Antarctica claimed to have found evidence of a parallel universe, but it was actually about the uncertain source of some particles detected by an experiment in Antarctica. The claim was also that these involved high-energy neutrinos passing from another universe into our own. Essentially, a different model of physics is thought to apply in a parallel universe. The scientific explanation is actually much less interesting - there was probably a problem with the particle detector. Is there something beyond our Universe alone? Since our own universe is expanding, we will never see its edge, and so the question will probably never be answered. So we probably need a Metaverse to distract us!
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